What Causes Early Onset Of Cardiovascular Diseases?
We often think that heart diseases are often for elders, but even young people are increasingly at risk. This troubling trend is catching the eye of both health experts, and the stakes seem high.
So, why are hearts that should be full of youthful vitality starting to show signs of trouble?
In this blog, we’ll explore five reasons why early cardiovascular disease is becoming a cause of concern. Read on for eye-opening truths that might change the way you think about heart health.
Why are young Indians getting heart attacks?
According to the Indian Heart Association, 50% of heart attacks in India happen in men under the age of 50, and 25% of cases occur in men under the age of 40. Men are generally more prone to heart disease than women. This disturbing fact highlights the important need to understand and manage why heart disease is more prevalent in younger groups.
What are the 5 reasons for catching cardiovascular diseases at a young age?
Cardiovascular disease risk is not limited by age. Heart attacks aren’t just something for older adults concern anymore.
Your risk of experiencing an early heart attack may increase or progress due to the following:
1. Sedentary lifestyle
A 2022 study by BMC Public Health found that both total sedentary time and screen time are linked to increased cardiovascular disease risk. It reported that high total sedentary time (around 10.5 hours/day) and excessive screen time (over 5–6 hours/day) are both associated with greater risks of CVD.
- One of the most important risk factors for early cardiovascular disease in young adults is physical inactivity. The modern lifestyle has transformed our daily routine, leading to reduced physical activity.
- Desk jobs, long commutes, and frequent use of technology have led many young people to live sedentary lifestyles.
- When we sit for a long period, Our bodies experience a slowdown in the metabolism of fats and sugar. This results in weight gain and increased risk of cholesterol and hypertension, which are considered as silent contributors to CVD.
How do we decrease the risk?
- Try to engage in more physical activity. The American Heart Association recommends at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise per week or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity exercise. You might also try to get involved in a sport or activity you love. It’s a great way to stay active and have fun.
- Consider going to the store for groceries or food instead of ordering online. It’s a chance to connect with your community and enjoy a more personal shopping experience.
- You can try to decrease your screen time by reading books, writing or journaling, or listening to music or podcasts.
“Sitting is the new smoking”, states Dr. James Levine
2. An unhealthy diet
Diets high in chocolate, confectionery, and sugar-sweetened beverages are linked to increased CVD risk and mortality.
- Diet plays a crucial role in general health and CVD. Unfortunately, the modern diet that is high in processed foods, sugars, and unhealthy fats is a significant risk factor for CVD in young people.
- Consuming food that has high sugars, saturated fats, and trans fats can lead to plaque accumulation in the arteries, which can limit blood flow and enhance the risk of heart disease.
- Additionally, lack of essential nutrients like fibre, vitamins and minerals can further worsen heart problems.
How do we decrease the risk?
- Healthy eating can be a powerful tool for slashing the risk of CVD.
- Add more fruits, veggies, lean proteins, whole grains, and healthy fats into your daily meals.
- The Mediterranean diet, which incorporates plenty of fruits, veggies, healthy fats, and whole grains, has been shown to make the heart healthy and decrease the risk of CVD.
- Avoid processed foods and decrease the intake of high-sugar and high-fat foods.
"Healthy eating isn't about counting carbs. It's about making smart choices."
3. Rising stress levels
A 2022 study published in Cureus discovered that stressors such as social isolation, marital difficulties, and work-related stress significantly elevate the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD).
- Everybody goes through stress in our daily lives. But, chronic stress is a significant risk factor for heart attacks.
- Chronic stress can result in coping mechanisms that are unhealthy, such as smoking or alcohol intake, which can negatively impact heart health.
- Chronic stress can affect the heart in several ways, such as increased blood pressure and elevated levels of cortisol (stress hormone), which can increase CVD risk.
How do we decrease the risk?
- Managing stress effectively is key to a healthy heart.
- Techniques such as yoga, meditation, mindfulness and regular physical activity can help reduce stress.
- Setting aside some “you” time, catching up with friends, and practising relaxation exercises can also help manage stress more effectively.
- Seeking guidance from a counsellor or therapist may be very beneficial in managing chronic stress.
"Sometimes the most productive thing you can do is relax."
4. Diabetes and heart disease
Diabetes, especially type 2 diabetes, is becoming more common worldwide, and it is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. When blood sugar levels increase, they can damage the blood vessels and nerves, Which increases the risk of cardiovascular issues.
- Diabetes may cause diabetic cardiomyopathy, where the heart muscle’s efficiency in pumping blood is reduced due to elevated blood sugar levels.
- It is also associated with other risk factors, such as high cholesterol and hypertension, which further increase the of heart disease.
How do we decrease the risk?
- Blood sugar levels should be monitored and managed on a regular basis to avoid diabetic-related cardiovascular problems.
- Make healthy lifestyle changes such as regular excercise, balanced diet, and weight management, which can aid in controlling the blood sugar levels.
- For those with diabetes, following the treatment plan, regular check-ups, and regular monitoring of blood sugar levels are important for maintaining a healthy heart.
"Good diabetes management helps prevent heart disease," said Dr. William H. Herman
5. Genetic Risk for Heart Disease
Genes play a crucial role in susceptibility to heart disease. If there is a family history of CVD, young adults may be at higher risk.
- While you cannot change the genetics, understanding your family’s health history can help in taking proactive approaches to reduce the CVD risk.
- Genetic factors can have a influence on various aspects of health, such as cholesterol, diabetes, hypertension, and overall function of heart system.
How do we decrease the risk?
- Get regular health screenings and consultations with your doctor to detect heart disease risks early.
- If you have a family history of cardiovascular disease, discuss your risk factors with your doctor and follow personalised prevention strategies.
- Adopt a healthy lifestyle and stay informed about new advancements in cardiovascular health.
Expert’s Insights
Dr Rajiv Agarwal, Principal Director of Cardiology at Max Smart Super Speciality Hospital, said, "Addressing risk factors for coronary artery disease is crucial. This includes managing hypertension (the number one cause), quitting smoking, controlling diabetes, maintaining a healthy weight, staying physically active, and adopting a nutritious diet."
Dr P Ashok Kumar, Advanced Heart Failure Management and Transplant Cardiologist at SPARSH Hospital said, “Being overweight can lead to conditions such as high blood pressure, diabetes, and abnormal lipid profiles, all of which increase the risk of heart problems. Lack of physical activity and not exercising regularly can also lead to heart issues.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ’S)
1. Can a 20-year-old have a heart attack?
Yes, poor lifestyle choices, such as smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, along with genetic factors, obesity, and other health conditions, can lead to heart attacks even at a young age.
2. Why are heart attacks increasing nowadays?
Heart attacks are becoming more common due to unhealthy lifestyles, lack of physical activity, poor diet, and high stress. Increasing levels of obesity, smoking, and heavy alcohol use also play a significant role. Additionally, conditions like diabetes and high blood pressure increase the risk.
3. What might occur 1 month before a heart attack?
Warning signs of a heart attack that may appear up to a month in advance include shortness of breath, unusual fatigue, and chest discomfort or pain. Other signs could include dizziness, nausea, or swelling in the legs and feet.
4. Is COVID-19 causing heart issues?
Studies show that COVID-19 infection can increase the risk of heart issues, including myocarditis—a rare inflammation of the heart—and atrial fibrillation, which is an irregular heartbeat.
5. Can stress cause a heart attack in a young person?
Yes, stress can cause heart attacks in young people by raising blood pressure and heart rate and leading to an unhealthy lifestyle. Long-term stress can affect the heart, so it’s important to manage stress effectively and seek medical attention if needed.
Wrapping up
Early cardiovascular disease is a growing concern, even among the younger population. Cardiologists and health experts stress the importance of recognising and addressing risk factors early on.
Notable figures have tragically highlighted that heart issues can affect anyone, regardless of age. By understanding the risks and making proactive lifestyle changes, we can take significant steps towards protecting our heart health.
"Our hearts are a reflection of our lifestyle choices. Choose wisely to keep your heart strong and your life full."
References
- https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cardiovascular-diseases-(cvds)
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK556152/
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8040078/
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32247212/
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18212285/
Note: The information provided in this blog is intended for general knowledge. It is important to remember that it should not replace professional medical advice. If you have any concerns about your heart or related symptoms, please consult a healthcare provider.
