World Thalassemia Day 2023
8 May 2023
8.0 mins
World Thalassemia Day 2023Work together to inspire change!   Every year the 8th of May is observed as World thalassemia day, a special day dedicated to people battling thalassemia. This day aims to raise public awareness of the condition, encourage early diagnosis and treatment, and support research efforts to find a cure. This blog will take a peek at the significance of this day and how we can all work together to increase awareness and help individuals impacted by this difficult condition.   WORLD THALASSAEMIA DAY 2023 THEME   Better education for a better change! The International Thalassaemia Day 2023 emphasizes the liberating potential of education and its link to proper and effective care for this condition. Building on the success of last year's theme, the 2023 campaign, titled 'BE AWARE.SHARE.CARE' - Strengthening Education to Bridge the Thalassaemia Care Gap' goes a step further by highlighting the need for improved access to quality, lifelong thalassemia education for people living with the disorder and healthcare professionals involved in their care. IMPORTANCE OF WORLD THALASSEMIA DAY 2023 Thalassaemia is an inherited (genetically transmitted) autosomal recessive illness that can be inherited from either or both parents. It affects red blood cells due to a genetic mutation that causes hemoglobin's alpha and beta-globin chains to be depleted. This results in low red blood cell synthesis and a shortage of oxygenated blood flow to body tissues (anemia). There are over one lakh thalassemia sufferers in India and 40 lakh carriers. Major thalassemia treatment can be extremely costly, involving stem cell transplants, continuous blood transfusions, and chelation therapy. It is critical to prevent congenital abnormalities (thalassemia) before birth rather than treating the condition after birth.   HISTORY OF WORLD THALASSEMIA DAY    Panos Englezos, president and founder of the Thalassemia International Federation (TIF), established the inaugural World Thalassemia Day, or International Thalassemia Day, on the 8th of May, 1994. Panos Englezos founded this day in memory of his son George and the many thalassemia sufferers who battled the disease.   THALASSEMIA IN INDIA   Do you know? India is the leading nation [https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/health/what-is-thalassemia/article23811040.ece] with more than 40 million thalassemia gene carriers. In India, it has been estimated that every year around 10,000 kids are born with thalassemia major, a severe form of thalassemia where lifespan is estimated to be about 20 – 30 years. The latest reports highlight that due to a lack of awareness and access to blood transfusion, lakhs of thalassemia patients die every year. On this world thalassemia day 2023, let's not overlook this disease and become responsible for promoting awareness about thalassemia and its complications.    WHAT IS THALASSEMIA?   Thalassemia is a chronic blood disorder [https://www.mrmed.in/health-library/haematology/type-of-blood-disease] that occurs due to the mutation of genes responsible for hemoglobin production. Thalassemia is purely genetic, and it happens when children inherit mutated genes from their parents. Even if either of the parents is a carrier, there is a high chance for children to get thalassemia. Thalassemia is a chronic condition where the body fails to make sufficient hemoglobin. This leads to the abnormal synthesis of hemoglobin and results in the destruction of red blood cells. Thalassemia is associated with anemia due to red blood cells and hemoglobin depletion.   THALASSEMIA CAUSES   Thalassemia occurs due to the inheritance of abnormal genes involved in hemoglobin production. Children are at high risk of developing thalassemia if both parents are carriers of thalassemia. Sometimes, your ancestry does play a role, and people of Southeast descent are susceptible to thalassemia.   TYPES OF THALASSEMIA   As said earlier, types of thalassemia [https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/what-is-thalassemia] have two proteins, i.e., alpha and beta proteins, are involved in making hemoglobin. If a person lacks either of the two proteins, the red blood cells fail to carry oxygen to other parts of the body and cause several complications.   ALPHA THALASSEMIA   Do you know? Four genetic copies are needed for the synthesis of alpha protein. Patients with alpha thalassemia have defects in the alpha protein of the hemoglobin. A person will become a carrier if inherited with one abnormal gene copy. A person who has inherited two abnormal copies may experience only mild symptoms. In some rare cases, a person can inherit more than two abnormal copies and may suffer from severe alpha thalassemia.   BETA THALASSEMIA   In contrast to alpha protein, only two genes are involved in beta-protein production. If any person has inherited one defective gene copy, they may have mild symptoms of beta-thalassemia, called thalassemia minor. If a person has inherited two defective copies, then that person is subjected to moderate to severe thalassemia symptoms, and this condition is named thalassemia major.    SYMPTOMS OF THALASSEMIA   * Facial bone deformities * Yellowish discoloration of the skin * Stunted growth * Inflammation of the spleen and liver * Fatigue * Breathing difficulty * Poor appetite * Anemia [https://www.mrmed.in/health-library/haematology/anemia-can-be-cured]   TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR TREATING THALASSEMIA   * Blood transfusions: Periodic blood transfusions are required to prevent a sharp drop in hemoglobin count and improve patient survival. Patients with thalassemia require blood transfusions once in 2 to 3 weeks. * A bone marrow transplant can benefit children with thalassemia to lead a long, fulfilling life. Well, it depends on the availability of a suitably matched donor, and it is one of the treatment interventions to cure thalassemia. * Surgery, such as spleen removal, will be performed in some patients with chronic spleen inflammation. * Your doctor will prescribe supplements such as folic acid to prevent a drop in hemoglobin count. * Diet: It is recommended to consume leafy greens and legumes and follows a plant-based diet to prevent anemia and folate deficiency. It is better to avoid high-fat meat and foods that contain fortified iron because it can build up iron in your body.   THE BOTTOM LINE   Donate blood and give a new lease of life.   If you know that you are a carrier of the thalassemia gene, consult your doctor and have genetic counseling to prevent the thalassemia from running through your family. Sometimes, your doctor may also recommend in vitro fertilization methods to protect your baby from thalassemia disease. The death rate of children affected with thalassemia is growing due to a shortage of blood transfusions. So on this world thalassemia day 2023, let's all shower our care and love on all the needy thalassemia patients by donating blood, as they require frequent blood transfusions. 
Dr. Karpagam Anand
Know About Multiple Myeloma Symptoms And Prognosis
22 Nov 2021
7 mins
Know About Multiple Myeloma Symptoms And PrognosisMultiple myeloma is relatively rare compared to other cancers. It is a blood cancer that affects the bone marrow. In the upcoming content, you will read some basic information such as myeloma cancer definition, why multiple myeloma symptoms occur and the prognosis of this disorder.    WHAT IS MULTIPLE MYELOMA?   Myeloma is a blood cancer. It affects the type of white blood cells called plasma cells. Plasma cells are an essential part of the immune system. They produce antibodies that fight infections in your body.  Too many plasma cells produced in the bone marrow decreases the space for red blood cells and white blood cells and weakens the bones. Multiple places of bone marrow can get affected, and that leads to multiple myeloma.   Cancerous plasma cells in multiple myeloma produce abnormal antibodies called M-protein [https://www.cancer.org/cancer/multiple-myeloma/about/what-is-multiple-myeloma.html]. It can make the blood thick and form blood clots. Other antibodies in the body will become low and make the person more prone to infections. M proteins can accumulate in blood and urine and can damage kidneys and other organs. Usually, the patients diagnosed with multiple myeloma are 65 years and older. Men are more likely to develop this disorder than women.   MULTIPLE MYELOMA SYMPTOMS:   In the beginning, the multiple myeloma does not cause any symptoms. But when cancer develops, symptoms that can occur are:   * Bone pain: Bone pain is a common symptom that occurs in any bone. It often occurs in the back, skull and hips. The pain can be milder or severe based on the stage of multiple myeloma and usually worsens when a person moves. * Loss of appetite & weight loss: High blood levels of calcium can occur as a result of bone breakdown. It will cause a loss of appetite. These multiple myeloma symptoms can also occur as a result of kidney damage caused by abnormal antibodies. * Fatigue: Multiple myeloma can cause the reduction in the supply of red blood cells. Due to this, tissues receive decreased oxygen and lead to fatigue. Besides, frequent infections in multiple myeloma can also lead to fatigue. * Confusion: Mental confusion in multiple myeloma can be caused due to various reasons. Some of them are hyperviscosity of the blood (blood becomes thick leading to slower blood flow to the brain), kidney disease (which is common in multiple myeloma patients) and hypercalcemia (excess release of calcium in body fluids due to bone resorption). * Infections: Too many abnormal plasma cells present crowd out the white blood cells. It makes the body open to infections. The common infections occurring in multiple myeloma patients are bladder, skin and respiratory tract infections. Patients with this disorder are more susceptible to frequent infections. * Nausea and vomiting: The imbalance in the blood chemicals, decreased kidney function and treatment can cause these multiple myeloma symptoms. * Weakness or numbness in legs: If bone lesions occur in the spine, it can cause nerve compressions. It can cause numbness and muscle weakness, often in the legs. Thickening of blood can also cause weakness on one side of the body. * Excessive thirst: High blood calcium levels can cause extreme thirst. * Bone fractures: Cancerous plasma cells can invade the outer layers of the bone. This weakened bone is more likely to break from a minor injury or stress. Around 85 % of the patients have some bone damage.   MULTIPLE MYELOMA PROGNOSIS:   If you are diagnosed with multiple myeloma, you may want to know about your prognosis, the judgement on the development of a disorder in future. It helps predict the chance of recovery. The multiple myeloma prognosis depends on the stage of the disorder when you are diagnosed, results of specific tests, your age, symptoms and body profile. Your prognosis may change over time. For example, if your body responds well to the treatment [https://www.mrmed.in/condition/anti-cancer], it will give you a favourable prognosis.   Here are some factors helpful in measuring multiple myeloma prognosis:   * Beta-2-microglobulin [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3907332/] (beta-2-M) is a protein. It is a powerful prognostic factor in multiple myeloma. When more cancerous cells are present and kidney damage has occurred, this protein level is higher in multiple myeloma patients. Values less than 3.5mg/mL are considered a good prognostic factor. * Albumin- Higher levels of the protein albumin indicate a better multiple myeloma prognosis. * Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)- Elevated LDH (enzyme) levels is related to high disease aggressiveness and faster growth of cancer cells. Values less than 190U/L indicate a favourable prognosis. * Genetic abnormalities in cancer cells indicates a poor multiple myeloma prognosis. The FISH test can find most chromosomal changes. * Plasma cell labelling index is a test which tells how fast the cancer cells are growing using bone marrow samples. It is helpful in predicting the recovery. * Age - Younger people with multiple myeloma are likely to live longer than old people. * Health status- Poorly managed health conditions such as heart disorders or diabetes in multiple myeloma patients indicate a poor multiple myeloma prognosis. * Kidney condition- When kidney function is poor, the chemical called creatinine rises in the blood and predicts a poor chance of recovery.    INCREASE THE SURVIVAL BY EARLY DIAGNOSIS:   Even though multiple myeloma is not considered a curable disease, it’s very treatable. Therapies can control the disorder or delay its return. The doctor will consider aspects of the cancer or a characteristic of the person when making a prognosis. People diagnosed at an earlier stage may live longer.    The most recent statistics [https://themmrf.org/multiple-myeloma/prognosis/understanding-survival-statistics/] from the year 2010-2016 shows that the relative survival of multiple myeloma patients was 53.9% which means that approximately 54 out of 100 people were living for five years following their diagnosis. It was just 34.6% in the previous years. The trend for multiple myeloma survival is improving due to new, effective therapies [https://www.mrmed.in/speciality/oncology] to treat myeloma.  
Guruvigneshwari
Learn About 5 Common Lab Tests for Cancer Diagnosis
12 Nov 2021
7 mins
Learn About 5 Common Lab Tests for Cancer DiagnosisA variety of lab tests may be useful in diagnosing cancer. Blood and urine are the most common samples used in lab tests. Blood tests for cancer will help the doctors to identify the possible health problems.    Single test will not accurately diagnose cancer. Physicians often suggest other tests such as imaging tests to have a clear idea.   Lab test for cancers can also help in staging the cancer, planning treatment, monitoring the health status during the treatment and check if the cancer has recurred. Here are some common lab tests for cancer useful in diagnosis.   COMMON LAB TESTS FOR CANCER DETECTION:   1. Complete blood count (CBC), a lab test for cancer:   This is one common lab test for cancer, performed to measure the number of each type of blood cell, namely white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets in your blood. This test also measures the amount of a protein, haemoglobin, which helps in carrying oxygen to the tissues and percentage of red blood cells in the blood.   Blood cancers can cause too high or too low blood cells. Complete blood count helps in detecting the variation in blood cells. If abnormal CBC values are found, and if any cancer condition is suspected, your physician may recommend bone marrow biopsy.   2. Tumour marker tests:    Tumour markers are substances found in blood, body fluids or body tissues. They can either be produced by cancer cells or the body in response to cancer cells. It may be used to decide appropriate treatment [https://www.mrmed.in/speciality/oncology]. Cancer cells with increased levels of tumour markers may respond to treatment with a medicine that targets the marker. It may also be used to find out how well the treatment works and monitor cancer recurrence.    Some examples of tumour markers:   (a) Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) is a substance present in low concentration in men. High concentrations of PSA may indicate prostate cancer, but other prostate diseases such as BPH (Benign prostatic hyperplasia) and prostatitis can also increase the PSA levels.    (b) Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) is usually found in high levels in pregnant women. High concentration of AFP in women who are not pregnant and men may indicate cancers of the liver, testicle or ovary.    (c) CA 19-9 protein levels generally elevates in benign conditions as well in malignant conditions. The diagnosis is based on the level CA 19-9  in the body. These results are interpreted usually with the results of other lab tests for cancer, such as biopsy and imaging to diagnose cancer.   3. Immunophenotyping (flow cytometry):   Immunophenotyping is usually done on cells collected from blood or bone marrow samples. It may also be performed on other body fluids. It is performed to see if any abnormal blood cells are present. It also detects the number of abnormal cells.    This lab test for cancer helps in diagnosing some types of blood cancers and helps in specifying the type of blood cancer.   4. Sputum cytology:    Sputum cytology involves the investigation of sputum under a microscope to see if any abnormal or cancerous cells are present. It helps in the diagnosis of lung cancer. This lab test for cancer is more useful in the diagnosis of squamous cell lung cancers [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3276027/]. Further testing will be performed to confirm the diagnosis.   5. Urinalysis:    This lab test for cancer detects the presence of blood or other substances such as protein in the urine sample. Even though blood in the urine is an usual indication of any infection, or other non cancerous problems, it could be the first sign of bladder cancer. It may be helpful in the diagnosis of cancers of the kidney and urinary tract.   Presence of high protein in urine could be a sign of multiple myeloma, a type of blood cancer.  Myeloma protein [https://www.cancer.org/cancer/multiple-myeloma/detection-diagnosis-staging/testing.html] is an abnormal antibody present in the urine sample of multiple myeloma patients.    Physicians detect a type of cancer through advanced diagnostic tests and recommend appropriate treatment and specific cancer medicines [https://www.mrmed.in/condition/anti-cancer].    FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS:   Are there blood tests for cancer detection? Blood tests for cancer are recommended to look for signs of cancer. They are largely helpful in detecting blood cancers but a blood test alone cannot be used in confirming the diagnosis. They give your doctor an idea of how well your organs are functioning.   What blood tests can detect cancer? As we discussed in the previous question, tests involving blood samples can be helpful in cancer diagnosis. Examples of blood tests which are helpful in cancer detection are complete blood count (CBC), tumour marker tests, and immunophenotyping.    Can a CBC detect breast cancer? A Complete blood count (CBC) test is one of the common blood tests for cancer. It measures the quality of blood cells in the person’s blood sample. It is recommended during breast cancer diagnosis to check your general health. Biopsies and imaging tests will confirm the diagnosis. It may be done before or after breast cancer surgery to make sure your bone marrow is functioning well.   Understanding the results:   A definitive diagnosis [https://www.cancer.gov/Common/PopUps/popDefinition.aspx?id=CDR0000689011&version=Patient&language=English] of cancer cannot be provided by the lab tests alone. Test results can be affected by foods, medications, etc. To avoid the false results, physicians may repeat the tests, or may recommend other diagnostic tests such as CT scan, biopsies, etc. to confirm the cancer diagnosis.  
Guruvigneshwari
Lymph Cancer Symptoms
11 Nov 2021
6 mins
Lymph Cancer Symptoms, Types and Warning SignsLymphoma is a kind of cancer that forms on one of the components of white blood cells called lymphocytes. It affects the lymph system (lymphatic system), a part of the immune system that aids in fighting infections. When these cells grow uncontrollably and undergo genetic changes, it results in cancer formation. This article entails what lymph cancer symptoms and lymphoma warning signs are.   There are mainly two types of lymphoma [https://www.mrmed.in/health-library/health-care/world-lymphoma-awareness-day], namely, Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and Hodgkin's lymphoma. The type of lymphoma can be identified through a biopsy.   TYPES OF LYMPHOMA AND THEIR SYMPTOMS:   Let's learn more about lymph cancer symptoms based on the types.   1. HODGKIN'S LYMPHOMA:   Hodgkin's Lymphoma results due to changes in the DNA of the lymphocyte, which, if left untreated, divides uncontrollably and results in cancer. It is one of the curable forms of tumour. Hodgkin's Lymphoma warning signs:   One of the most defining lymph cancer symptoms is lump formation under the skin, mainly in the armpits, groin and neck. It is usually painless, but one can experience pain after drinking alcohol. These lumps become more prominent over time, and new bumps begin to form near them. Sometimes lumps form due to reasons other than lymphoma, meaning it could be due to certain infections. However, if you have not had any recent infection and the lumps are not healing for a long time, you might need to seek help from your physician to analyse the root cause. Signs and Symptoms of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: * Fever without infection * Severe night sweats * Unusual weight loss * Itching skin * Tiredness * Loss of appetite * Cough * Breathing trouble * Chest pain * Pain in the breast bone * Itchy skin, especially after drinking alcohol and bathing   2. NON-HODGKIN'S LYMPHOMA:   Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma occurs when cancer develops in the lymphocytes of the white blood cells. It usually affects the lymph nodes. Lymphocytes have T-cells and B-cells. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma represents the multiplication of B-cells or T-cell origin. The multiplied cells crowd around normal cells and create tumours.   Don't ignore any of the above-mentioned lymph cancer symptoms, and if you experience any persistent signs or symptoms that make you anxious, schedule an appointment with your physician.   Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma warning signs [https://www.cancer.org/content/dam/CRC/PDF/Public/8719.00.pdf]:   Painless lump or bump under the skin indicating enlargement of lymph nodes. This usually occurs on the side of the neck, groin and armpits. Few patients might have these lumps in the ears, elbows or near the throat near tonsils.   Fever, chills, night sweats, weight loss, feeling tired, and swelling in the abdomen. These symptoms occur for reasons other than lymphoma, but it is recommended to go for a check-up if these symptoms do not go away.   A regular medical check-up is mandatory if you have a history of HIV infection, organ transplant, autoimmune disease [https://www.mrmed.in/health-library/immune-disorders/most-common-types-of-autoimmune-diseases] or previous cancer treatment [https://www.mrmed.in/health-library/cancer-care/what-is-cancer-and-symptoms-treatment]. Signs and symptoms of Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: * Swollen lymph nodes * Chills and unexplained fever * Weight loss * Extreme tiredness * Swollen belly * Low appetite * Bloating or fullness * Chest pain or pressure * Stomach pain * Breathlessness * Severe cough * Frequent infections * Easy bleeding or bruising * Itching * Rashes and skin lumps * Liver enlargement * Fluid accumulation in the abdomen * Intestine obstruction   You must know the lymphoma warning signs to check if you have any of the above-mentioned lymph cancer symptoms. Screening tests and other diagnostic procedures are effective in detecting the early lymphoma warning signs.    Lymph cancer symptoms could be mild or severe depending on the stage and severity of disease progression. Having one or two of the signs does not mean you have lymphoma. Most of the symptoms can occur due to causes other than lymphoma. Still, if they do not go away in a few days, it is always necessary to consider having an appointment with a medical professional.   If you are experiencing any lymph cancer symptoms, your physician will collect your complete medical history and conduct a physical examination. Discuss your past illnesses, injury and medicines taken, if any. Your physician will examine you thoroughly to rule out infections and other causes before confirming your diagnosis.   
Bhairavi
Understand Blood Cancer Stages & 3 Main Types of Blood Cancer
10 Nov 2021
6 mins
Understand Blood Cancer Stages & 3 Main Types of Blood CancerBlood cancer accounts for approximately 6% of all cancer cases worldwide. Blood cancers are also known as hematologic cancers. Let’s discuss blood cancer stages, and three major types of blood cancer in the upcoming content.   WHAT IS BLOOD CANCER?   Blood cancers are characterized by abnormal and uncontrolled production of blood cells. Our blood consists of red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and plasma. Each component of the blood performs various functions in our body.    The abnormal cells in blood cancer can stop the blood from doing its normal functions like fighting against infections, prevention of bleeding, transportation of nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues, etc. Blood cancers typically start in the bone marrow, the softer centre of various bones where the blood is produced.   Blood cancers are described as chronic, which are slow-growing, and as acute, which are fast-growing cancers. The symptoms differ for each type of blood cancer. The common symptoms that all types of blood cancer share are tiredness, pale complexion, unexplained rash, bleeding, infections, lumps and swelling, bone pain, drenching night sweats, stomach problems, and weight loss.   TYPES OF BLOOD CANCER:   There are many types of blood cancer which are categorised based on type of blood cells, how the condition develops, origin of cancer, symptoms, etc. The chief three types of blood cancer are:    1. Leukaemia:  Leukaemia is a cancer of blood and bone marrow which occurs due to the overproduction of white blood cells. White blood cells help the body fight infections and diseases. The abnormal white blood cells impair the ability of bone marrow in producing red blood cells and platelets. There are various types of leukaemia based on the type of blood cells affected.    Leukaemia can affect both adults and children. Usually, the patients diagnosed with leukaemia are 65 years and older. Men are more likely to develop leukaemia than women. Leukaemia is the most common cancer affecting children. [http://who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cancer-in-children]    2. Lymphoma: Lymphoma refers to the cancers that develop in the lymphatic system, a part of the immune system. In this condition, the specialized white blood cells called lymphocytes, that fight infection, multiply out of control. Over time, these lymphoma cells impair your immune system.    There are two chief types of lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma.  Hodgkin lymphoma contains Reed-Sternberg cells [https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/reed-sternberg-cell] (giant cells that are relatively easy to identify under a microscope) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma does not contain reed-Sternberg cells.   Hodgkin lymphoma is too common in young people (15 to 40 years old) and people aged over 55 years old. Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is usually diagnosed in people aged 60 years and older and is considered the most common type of lymphoma. Both Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma are slightly more common in men.   3. Myeloma:  Myeloma is one of the major types of blood cancer. It is a cancer of plasma cells. Plasma cells are a type of white blood cells involved in the production of antibodies in response to microbes and foreign substances invading the body. In myeloma, abnormal antibodies produced can’t fight infection. It is usually referred to as multiple myeloma since it affects many places of bone marrow in the body.   It is relatively a rare disease. Usually, the patients diagnosed with myeloma are 70 years and older. It is more common in men. Based on the types of blood cancer, the physician will prescribe specific cancer medicines [https://www.mrmed.in/condition/anti-cancer].   BLOOD CANCER STAGES:   Treatment [https://www.mrmed.in/speciality/oncology] begins with determining the stage of blood cancer. The blood cancer stages define the extent to which cancer has spread to other parts of the body.    Stage 1:  Lymph nodes filter the fluid carrying lymphocytes and stores the lymphocytes to help the body fight disease. In stage 1, a sudden rise in the number of lymphocytes causes enlargement of lymph nodes. The risk at this stage is minimal as the cancer is localized to lymph nodes only.    Stage 2:  In this stage, the spleen, liver and lymph nodes are enlarged because the multiplication of blood cells is very high in this stage.   Stage 3:  Anaemia occurs in this stage. The spleen, liver, and lymph nodes enlarge significantly.   Stage 4:  Out of 4 blood cancer stages, this is a high risk stage. In this stage, the platelets number decreases rapidly leading to severe anemia. Cancer begins to affect the vital organs.   KNOW THE FACTS AND STAY AWARE:   Having regular health checkups can detect the blood cancer at early stages. If you experience any symptoms of blood cancer, don’t ignore it. It’s important to find out what causes them. Keeping us away from certain risk factors may help reduce cancer risk to some extent. Reduce or avoid the exposure to radiation and harmful chemicals such as pesticides and avoid smoking.  
Guruvigneshwari