Aflibercept contains the active constituent aflibercept. It is used to treat eye conditions in which impaired vision occurs due to the formation of an abnormal blood vessel inside the eye. These include wet age-related macular degeneration and diabetic macular edema. In studies, this medication effectively reduces the risk of vision loss and improves visual acuity in people with these conditions. Most patients generally well-tolerated it, and the injection procedure is relatively quick and minimally invasive.

On November 18, 2011, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) first authorized the use of Aflibercept as a remedy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Subsequently, the drug has received approval for the treatment of other eye problems, including diabetic macular edema and macular edema due to retinal vein occlusion.

Aflibercept is a drug used to treat various eye ailments such as neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic macular edema, and macular edema after retinal vein occlusion. Neovascular AMD is when unusual blood vessels develop in the retina, leading to decreased eyesight. Meanwhile, diabetic macular edema is when fluid gathers in the macula, responsible for sharp and detailed vision in the retina's center.

A healthcare provider will inject Aflibercept around the eye in a clinical setting. The dosage and frequency of infusions will vary depending on the patient's medical condition, age, weight, and other factors. A Person should not take a double dose to make up the second dose.

Aflibercept is generally well-tolerated but can cause side effects like all medications. Common side effects include eye pain, redness, itching, and temporary vision changes such as blurriness or seeing floaters. These side effects are generally mild and resolve on their own within a few days to a week. Serious side effects rarely occur, but they can occur. These include infections, inflammation, and bleeding in the eye, which can lead to vision loss. In rare cases, Aflibercept can also cause allergic reactions or blood clots.

Aflibercept can cause endophthalmitis (an infection of the eye) and retinal detachment (separation of the retina from the underlying tissue). It may increase the risk of cardiovascular events such as heart attack or stroke in patients with a history of these conditions. This medication can cause a temporary increase in blood pressure in some patients. In long-term uses, this medication increases the risk of thromboembolic events such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). 

This medicine can also increase intraocular pressure (IOP), leading to glaucoma. Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) has been reported with the use of it. TMA is a rare but serious condition that can cause blood clots in small blood vessels throughout the body, leading to organ damage. Injection-related reactions, including inflammation, pain, and redness at the injection site, have been reported using intravitreal injections, including this medication.

It is important to take several precautions when using Aflibercept. Individuals who are allergic to the drug or its components should not use it. If a patient has pre-existing heart conditions or kidney disease, close monitoring is necessary while taking this medication. It is also essential to avoid contact with individuals with infectious illnesses and immediately notify your healthcare provider if any signs of infection develop. 

Bleeding, anemia, and TMA are other side effects that should be reported to a doctor immediately. Patients should be regularly monitored for increased IOP, and if necessary, they should receive prompt treatment. Blood pressure is also monitored during treatment, and individuals with uncontrolled hypertension require careful observation throughout the treatment. Adjustments in the treatment plan may b necessary to manage side effects and ensure the best possible results.

If you are currently being treated with Aflibercept, it is crucial to notify your healthcare provider immediately if you feel any side effects or have any concerns. For pregnant individuals planning to conceive or breastfeeding, it is essential to consult with your healthcare provider to discuss the potential risks and benefits associated with the treatment. Patients with diabetic retinopathy should be closely monitored during treatment because this medication can worsen the condition.

If you experience symptoms such as eye pain, worsening redness of the eye, reduced or blurry vision, or increased sensitivity to light while undergoing treatment, inform your doctor promptly. Lifestyle changes, including quitting smoking, maintaining a healthy weight, and following a healthy diet, can improve overall health and reduce the risk of cancer-related complications. Emotional support from family, friends, or support groups can help cancer patients manage their treatment challenges.

1. Katzung BG, Trevor AJ. Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition; 2018, 637-654
2. Goodman & Gilman’s, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 13th edition, 2018, 1113-114
3. Bayer AG, Electronic medicines compendium (EMC), [ Revised on Jan 2021] [ Accessed on 26th April 2023], https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/files/pil.2879.pdf
4. Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc, US Food and Drug Administration, [ Revised on Nov 2011] [ Accessed on 26th April 2021], https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/125387lbl.pdf

The drug information on this page is not a substitute for medical advice; it is meant for educational purposes only. For further details, consult your doctor about your medical condition to know if you are eligible to receive this treatment.