This page contains brief details about the drug , it's indication, dosage & administaration, mechanism of action, related brands with strength, warnings and common side effects.
Background and Date of Approval
Clotrimazole is an antifungal medication used to treat a variety of fungal infections. It belongs to the imidazole class of antifungals.
Mechanism of Action of undefined
Clotrimazole's mechanism of action is based on its ability to inhibit the synthesis of ergosterol, a vital component of fungal cell membranes. Ergosterol maintains the integrity and fluidity of the fungal cell membrane. This medication targets 14-alpha demethylase, essential for converting lanosterol to ergosterol in the fungal cells. By inhibiting this enzyme, this medication disrupts the synthesis of ergosterol, accumulating toxic sterol intermediates and causing structural damage to the fungal cell membrane.
As a result, the cell becomes more permeable, allowing essential cellular components to leak out and leading to the death of the fungal organism. Since human cells do not produce ergosterol and have different enzymes for cholesterol synthesis, it exhibits selective toxicity, effectively targeting fungal pathogens while sparing human cells.
Uses of undefined
Clotrimazole is used to to treat oral fungal infections like candidiasis and oral thrush.
undefined Drug administaration and Dosage available
Clotrimazole is available in various forms, including creams, lotions, powders, and oral lozenges. The specific form and dosage will depend on the type and severity of the fungal infection being treated.
Warnings, Precautions and Side Effects of undefined
Warnings
Clotrimazole may cause skin irritation at the application site, including redness, itching, burning, or rash. In rare cases, some individuals may experience allergic reactions to clotrimazole. Symptoms may include severe itching, hives, swelling, difficulty breathing, or dizziness. Although topical appplication is minimally absorbed into the bloodstream, there is a remote possibility of experiencing systemic side effects in rare cases. Care should be taken when using on young children or infants. Prolonged or improper use may lead to the development of resistant fungal strains, reducing the medication's effectiveness in treating future infections.
Precautions
Avoid using clotrimazole in the eyes, ears, or mucous membranes, and discontinue use if skin irritation or allergic reactions occur. Consult a healthcare provider before using during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Follow recommended dosage and duration; do not use tampons or vaginal products during vaginal clotrimazole treatment.
Side Effects
Common side effects of topical clotrimazole include skin irritation, redness, itching, or a burning sensation at the application site. These side effects are usually mild and resolve on their own. Rarely, some individuals may experience allergic reactions to clotrimazole, characterized by symptoms such as rash, hives, swelling, severe itching, or difficulty breathing.
Word Of Advice
When using Clotrimazole, it is essential to follow certain instructions for safe and effective use. Firstly, inform your healthcare provider about any allergies to clotrimazole or similar antifungal medications. If pregnant or breastfeeding, seek medical advice before using the lozenges. These are intended for oral use only and should not be applied to the eyes or ears. Avoid chewing or swallowing the lozenge whole; let it dissolve slowly in the mouth. For individuals with liver or kidney impairment or compromised immune systems, consult a healthcare provider for proper dosage and suitability. Complete the full course of treatment as prescribed, even if symptoms improve, to prevent recurrence. If new or worsening mouth or throat pain, redness, or ulcers occur, discontinue use and consult a healthcare provider. Follow any additional warnings and instructions on the product's packaging. Regular dental check-ups and good oral hygiene practices are advisable during use. Store the lozenges properly in a cool, dry place, and do not use them past their expiration date. If any concerns or side effects arise, seek medical advice promptly.
Frequently Asked Question
References
- Paddock Laboratories LLC, [Revised on Nov 2018] [Accessed on 31st July 2023], https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/getFile.cfm?setid=3f57ef51-8202-4d0b-95a8-d2df468b8d9a&type=pdf
- KD Tripathi, Antifungal Drugs, Essentials of Medical Pharmacology, 8th Edition, 2019, 838-848.
- G. Maartens, HIV Infection & AIDS, Davidson’s Principles and Practice of Medicine, 22nd Edition, 2014, 387-410.
- Harry W. Lampiris, Daniel S. Maddix, Antifungal Agents, Lange’s Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition, 2018, 853-862.
Disclaimer
The drug information on this page is not a substitute for medical advice, it is meant for educational purposes only. For further details, consult your doctor about your medical condition to know if you can receive this treatment.