Rabies antiserum was initially approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on  April 1, 1973.

The primary use of rabies antiserum includes providing immediate passive immunity against the rabies virus when individuals have been exposed to rabies through bites, scratches, or other transmission routes from potentially rabid animals. It complements rabies vaccination by offering rapid protection while the individual's immune system generates antibodies in response to the vaccine. 

Rabies antiserum is typically administered through the intramuscular (IM) route. It is injected directly into the muscle, usually at or near the site of potential rabies exposure, to provide immediate passive immunity against the rabies virus. Always consult with a healthcare professional for proper administration guidance based on the specific circumstances of exposure.

Side effects of rabies antiserum (RIG) can include mild and temporary reactions like pain, redness, swelling at the injection site, fever, and headache. Serious side effects, though rare, may include severe allergic reactions, neurological issues, or skin problems.

Allergic reactions, though rare, can occur. These reactions may manifest as itching, hives, swelling of the face or throat, difficulty breathing, or anaphylaxis (a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction).  Localized reactions at the site of injection can occur. This may include pain, swelling, redness, or irritation at the injection site.  Some individuals may experience systemic side effects, such as fever, headache, dizziness, or nausea after receiving rabies antiserum.

Before administering rabies antiserum, healthcare providers should inquire about any history of allergies, especially to immunoglobulin products or animal proteins. A thorough medical history should be obtained to identify any pre-existing medical conditions or medications the individual may be taking. 

Before taking rabies antiserum, inform your healthcare provider if you have any allergies, especially to medications used in rabies treatment, as severe allergies may require special consideration. Additionally, suppose you have conditions that weaken your immune system, like HIV, or taking medications that suppress immunity. It's important to know that the rabies vaccine may not work as effectively in that case, so discuss this with your healthcare provider. If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, you must talk with your healthcare provider before starting rabies treatments. They will assess the risks and benefits to determine the best course of action for your specific situation. If you have liver or kidney issues, inform your healthcare provider, as this may impact your treatment plan. After receiving rabies treatment, it's advisable to avoid alcohol consumption for a period. If you experience any pain or discomfort at the injection site, it's best not to drive immediately after the treatment. If you have clotting disorders or multiple bite wounds, exercise extra caution, as there may be a higher risk of bleeding at the injection sites. Always consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice, as rabies is a serious concern, and timely and appropriate treatment is essential to ensure your safety.

1. Thomas Moulenat et al., Purified Vero Cell Rabies Vaccine (PVRV, Verorab®): A Systematic Review of Intradermal Use Between 1985 and 2019, Trop. Med. Infect. Dis., 2020, 5, 40, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7157209/pdf/tropicalmed-05-00040.pdf
2. KD Tripathi, Vaccines, Antisera and lmmuneglobulins, Essentials of Medical Pharmacology, 8th Edition, 2019, 978-986.Disclaimer
3. Kedrion Biopharma Inc., US Food and Drug Administration, [Revised on 2020] [Accessed on 11th September 2020],https://www.fda.gov/media/106795/download

The drug information on this page is not a substitute for medical advice; it is meant for educational purposes only. For further details, consult your doctor about your medical condition to know if you can receive this treatment.