This page contains brief details about the drug , it's indication, dosage & administaration, mechanism of action, related brands with strength, warnings and common side effects.

Background and Date of Approval

Semaglutide was initially approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on December 5, 2017, for treating type 2 diabetes. Since then, it has also received additional approvals for its use in chronic weight management.

Mechanism of Action of undefined

Semaglutide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist, exerts its therapeutic effects by mimicking the action of the naturally occurring hormone GLP-1. In diabetes management, this medication enhances insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, and decreases hepatic glucose production. This medication effect leads to improved glycemic control and reduced HbA1c levels. Additionally, this medication promotes weight loss through increased satiety, decreased food intake, and modulation of gastric function. It has also demonstrated cardiovascular benefits, including potentially reducing major cardiovascular events.

Uses of undefined

Semaglutide is used to improve blood sugar control in type 2 diabetes and aid in weight management in individuals with obesity or overweight.

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Semaglutide is typically administered as a subcutaneous injection at a convenient time once a week, on the same day each week. The injection can be given in the abdomen, thigh, or upper arm. These medication pens come with clear instructions on how to load the needle, dial the dose, and administer the injection. After injecting, dispose of the needle safely in a sharps container. Regular monitoring and follow-up with your healthcare provider are important to assess your progress and make any necessary adjustments to your treatment plan.

Warnings, Precautions and Side Effects of undefined

Warnings

Semaglutide has been shown to cause thyroid C-cell tumors in animal studies.  It may increase the risk of pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas). Combined with other antidiabetic medications, this medication may increase the risk of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). This medication may increase the risk of gallbladder-related events, such as cholelithiasis (gallstones) and acute inflammation. Some GLP-1 RAs, including semaglutide, have been associated with an increased heart rate. 

Precautions

Individuals with a history of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) or multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2 (MEN 2) should avoid its use. Prompt medical attention is advised for severe abdominal pain, neck swelling, difficulty swallowing, or signs of allergic reactions. Caution is required in individuals with renal impairment. Inform your healthcare provider if you experience palpitations or a rapid heart rate. Dosage adjustments may be necessary. Close monitoring and consultation with a healthcare provider are crucial to manage these risks effectively.

Side Effects

Semaglutide may cause side effects, including but not limited to nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, decreased appetite, headache, injection site reactions, and, in rare cases, more serious effects such as pancreatitis, thyroid tumors, kidney problems, and hypoglycemia

Word Of Advice

Discuss your medical history with your healthcare provider, especially if you have a history of pancreatitis, thyroid issues, kidney or liver problems, or gallbladder disease. Monitor your blood sugar levels regularly to avoid hypoglycemia, particularly when taking other antidiabetic medications. Adhere strictly to the prescribed dosage and injection schedule, and follow proper injection techniques to minimize risks. Its injections may cause skin reactions at the injection site. Rotate injection sites and follow proper injection techniques to minimize this risk. Report any unusual symptoms, such as abdominal pain or skin reactions, promptly to your healthcare provider. Pregnant and breastfeeding women should consult a doctor before taking this medication. Regularly assess your overall health and any potential changes while using semaglutide, and attend follow-up appointments as your healthcare provider recommends.

Frequently Asked Question

References

  1. Novo Nordisk Inc, FDA Food and Drug Safety Administration [September 20, 2019] [Accessed date 18th August 2023], https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2019/213051s000lbl.pdf
  2. Novo Nordisk Limited, EMC,  [25 Jan 2023], [Accessed date 18th August 2023]https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/product/11507/pil

Disclaimer

The drug information on this page is not a substitute for medical advice. It is meant for educational purposes only. For further details, consult your doctor about your medical condition to know if you can receive this treatment.