GBMT 250MG CAPSULE

Introduction:

GBMT 250mg Capsule consists of the active substance Temozolomide. It is prescribed to treat adults with brain cancer. It is the standard drug used in combination with radiotherapy to treat patients with glioblastoma multiforme and anaplastic astrocytoma. Glioblastoma and anaplastic astrocytoma are the most common and aggressive brain cancers with low chances of survival. Anaplastic astrocytoma is treated with GBMT 250mg Capsule or radiotherapy after biopsy, whereas Glioblastoma multiforme is treated with a combination of radiotherapy and GBMT 250mg Capsule, and then GBMT 250mg Capsule is continued as maintenance therapy.

Uses of GBMT 250mg Capsule:

• Concomitant and maintenance treatment along with radiotherapy for treatment of newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme.
• Treatment of refractory anaplastic astrocytoma in patients who experienced disease progression after being treated with nitrosurea and procarbazine.

How GBMT 250mg Capsule Works:

GBMT 250mg Capsule works by following a process called alkylation. After administration, GBMT 250mg Capsule gets converted into its active form called metabolite 5-(3-methyltriazen-1-yl) imidazole-4-carboxamide (MTIC). This metabolite reacts with water to form methyl diazonium ions. The methyl group from methyl diazonium ions transfer into the DNA and breaks the DNA strands that results in cell cycle arrest and cell death.

Interaction with other drugs:

Inform your doctor about any medications you are taking or have taken before the treatment.

More Information:

Store the medicines in a locked cupboard, away from sight and reach of children. Do not store above 25˚C. 

References:

1. Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, Electronic Medicines Compendium (EMC) [Revised on June 2020] [Accessed on 28th Apr 2021], https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/files/pil.5318.pdf
2. Pfizer, US Food and Drug Administration, [Revised on Sep 2015] [Accessed on 28th Apr 2021], https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2016/021029s031lbl.pdf
3. Neha Singh et al., Mechanisms of temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma - a comprehensive review, Cancer Drug Resist 2021;4:17-43, [Accessed on 28th Apr 2021], https://cdrjournal.com/article/view/3779
4. Zerong Tian et al., Glioblastoma and Anaplastic Astrocytoma: Differentiation Using MRI Texture Analysis, Front. Oncol., 2019, [Accessed on 28th Apr 2021],   https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2019.00876/full

How to use GBMT 250mg Capsule:

Use as directed by your physician. Your physician will prescribe an adequate dose according to your height and weight. Swallow the Capsule whole with a glass of water, on an empty stomach. Do not crush or chew the Capsule and avoid contact of the Capsule with your skin.

Safety Advice:

Pregnancy:

GBMT 250mg Capsule is harmful to the fetus. Inform your physician before taking GBMT 250mg Capsule if you are pregnant or think you might be pregnant.

Breastfeeding: 

GBMT 250mg Capsule passes through breast milk. Consult your physician for advice before breastfeeding.

Liver: 

Inform your physician before taking GBMT 250mg Capsule if you have liver problems.

Kidney:

Inform your physician before taking GBMT 250mg Capsule if you have kidney problems.

Driving:

Avoid driving or doing things that require concentration if you experience any side effects.

Allergies:

Inform your physician right away if you have allergic reactions to GBMT 250mg Capsule or its ingredients

Others:

• Consult your physician if you have blood clotting problems, low levels of RBC, WBC or platelets. Make sure that your physician monitors your WBC and platelet counts regularly.
• Inform your physician if you have a history of Hepatitis B infection.
• GBMT 250mg Capsule can cause birth defects. Exercise effective birth control measures during treatment with GBMT 250mg Capsule.

Side effects are unwanted symptoms caused by medicines. Even though all drugs cause side effects, not everyone gets them.

Serious:

• Secondary cancer like myelodysplastic syndrome and myeloid leukemia.
• Severe Allergic reactions
• Inflammation and fluid buildup in lungs
• Blood clot in lungs or legs
• Liver toxicity
• Convulsions
• Fever and chills
• Severe headache
• Uncontrolled bleeding

Common:

• Hair loss
• Rashes
• Tiredness
• Nausea, vomiting and diarrhea
• Constipation
• High blood sugar levels
• Dizziness, impaired sensation, tingling sensation, abnormal taste
• Vision and Hearing problem
• Frequent urination
• Muscle damage, pain in muscles and joints
• Weight changes
• Infections and wounds
• Amnesia
• Abnormal blood cell counts
• Loss of appetite
• Sleep problems
• Memory loss
• Difficulty concentrating, changes in mental status and alertness
• Coordination problems

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